叶尖掉块对跨声速压气机气动性能影响

为了支撑服役环境下压气机气动性能的评定,通过数值仿真研究了叶尖掉块对跨音速压气机转子气动性能的影响规律和机制。首先利用实验结果对数值仿真方法进行校验,验证了方法的可靠性,进一步对不同形式叶尖掉块下压气机气动性能进行了仿真分析。研究结果表明转子叶尖掉块会使得压气机正常工作状态下压比和效率略有降低,导致压气机近失速点流量明显增大;在大流量工况下压气机气动性能与掉块叶片的相对位置并无直接关联,但在近失速点,掉块叶片不相邻时会使得对压气机压比和效率下降更多,但近失速点流量对掉块叶片相对位置的变化并不敏感;转子叶尖掉块会增强叶尖区域泄漏流动,强的泄漏流动与叶片通道激波发生相互作用会引起泄漏涡的破碎,引起较大的流动堵塞和损失,导致压气机气动性能衰减;掉块叶片产生的流动堵塞和吸力面气流的膨胀加速会影响到吸力面侧的掉块叶片,进而限制泄漏流的发展,使得流动堵塞和损失维持在较低水平,但这种影响会随着掉块叶片距离的增大而减弱。     

高速列车受电弓气动力特性测量

介绍高速列车受电弓在北京空气动力研究所FD 09低速风洞进行空气动力特性的测量结果。试件为实物,分原型弓和改型弓。试验时速为80～300km。测量结果表明,改型弓阻力较原型弓平均低19%,同时表明,弓头阻力占受电弓总气动阻力的14%～21%。因此,受电弓和弓头结构外形设计必须考虑气动性能。利用不同高度和斜度档板(围裙)方案,可以有效降低受电弓气动阻力和气动噪音,但列车总阻力将可能增加。     

不同形式扩张喷管对两级PDE性能的影响

为了研究不同形式扩张喷管对两级脉冲爆震发动机性能的影响,以氢气和氧气混合物为例,对安装不同扩张角、长度和扩张曲线的扩张喷管的两级脉冲爆震发动机工作过程进行了数值模拟.结果表明,具有较大扩张角的喷管其推力增益较大;当扩张面积比一定,喷管长度不能太长和太短,否则喷管增推性能会下降;不同扩张曲线喷管对两级爆震发动机性能有较大影响,在扩张面积一定,长度一定的条件下,采用曲率较大的钟形型线的喷管时,凹面腔获得的冲量最大,喷管获得的冲量也最大.     

The structure of Kelvin–Helmholtz vortices with super-sonic flow

We have done two-dimensional simulations of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI) with super-sonic flow using the CIP method. The linear analyses of a simple uniform density case show that the KHI cannot grow vigorously when the velocity jump is more than twice the sound speed (when the flow speed relative to the vortex is super-sonic). In this study, by situating a high density contrast across the shear layer, we set the flow in only one of the sides to be super-sonic and then show that the KHI does grow and rolls up a vortex. The formation of a shock is essential for the KHI vigorous growth and the structure of the vortex is strongly influenced by the shock geometry. The results should have substantial implications to velocity shear layer dynamics involving large density jump, such as planetary magnetospheric boundary layers.     

IP网交换机主控板主备倒换风险研究

本地业务网络在实际工作中采用主备网双平面方式运行,各平面核心层交换机重要单板采用主备配置,一般情况下单板或设备出现异常,系统可以实现无缝割接,业务不受影响;但是,在实际维护过程中,由于配置了不同的检测机制,核心层交换机主控板倒换过程中,业务可能会出现异常。针对实际维护过程中发现的主控板倒换系统上报异常告警问题,通过跟踪异常情况下业务的错误转发路径分析主控板倒换对组网业务的影响,对异常告警产生的机理进行分析,提出通过重新激活BFD(Bidirectional Forwarding Detection,双向转发检测)会话的方式以保证业务正常转发路径的处理方法,以及对主控板版本进行升级的解决建议,可以有效保证业务网络的可靠运行。     

基于火焰面和射流模型的双模态冲压燃烧室一维性能计算

为了快速地得到双模态燃烧室中的参数分布,采用射流模型,获得燃料混合分数的时均值、脉动值以及当量标量耗散率的时均值在双模态冲压发动机燃烧室中的三维分布;采用火焰面模型得到燃烧组分和释热分布,将三维信息通过流道横截面面积平均加入到一维非稳态计算模型,求解流动控制方程得到双模态燃烧室一维参数分布。通过不同类型算例验证,表明该方法能较准确地预测燃烧内壁面压力的变化趋势,克服了燃料射流非一维因素对一维计算方法带来的不利影响。     

某型飞机起落架收放系统仿真与性能分析

起落架收放系统的性能对整机的安全性和舒适性具有直接影响。以国产在研某型飞机起落架收放系统为研究对象,利用该型飞机起落架收放机构的数学模型,采用LMS Virtual.Lab Rev的Motion模块和LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim软件进行起落架机构3D和起落架液压控制系统1D联合仿真,利用该联合仿真模型研究气动载荷对起落架收放系统的影响和上位锁阻尼参数对起落架收放性能的影响。结果表明:采用理论计算数值能够实现起落架在有限时间里的收放任务,考虑了气动载荷情况的仿真结果符合实际趋势;上位锁阻尼可作为优化设计的优先选取参数。     

Cone model-based SEP event calculations for applications to multipoint observations

The problem of modeling solar energetic particle (SEP) events is important to both space weather research and forecasting, and yet it has seen relatively little progress. Most important SEP events are associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that drive coronal and interplanetary shocks. These shocks can continuously produce accelerated particles from the ambient medium to well beyond 1 AU. This paper describes an effort to model real SEP events using a Center for Integrated Space weather Modeling (CISM) MHD solar wind simulation including a cone model of CMEs to initiate the related shocks. In addition to providing observation-inspired shock geometry and characteristics, this MHD simulation describes the time-dependent observer field line connections to the shock source. As a first approximation, we assume a shock jump-parameterized source strength and spectrum, and that scatter-free transport occurs outside of the shock source, thus emphasizing the role the shock evolution plays in determining the modeled SEP event profile. Three halo CME events on May 12, 1997, November 4, 1997 and December 13, 2006 are used to test the modeling approach. While challenges arise in the identification and characterization of the shocks in the MHD model results, this approach illustrates the importance to SEP event modeling of globally simulating the underlying heliospheric event. The results also suggest the potential utility of such a model for forcasting and for interpretation of separated multipoint measurements such as those expected from the STEREO mission.     

Exploring the global shock scenario at multiple points between sun and earth: The solar transients launched on January 1 and September 23, 1978

We revisit the transient interplanetary events of January 1 and September 23, 1978. Using in-situ and remote sensing observations at locations widely separated in longitudes and distances from the Sun, we infer that in both cases the overall shock surface had a very fast “nose” region with speeds >900 and >1500 km⁻¹ in the January and September events, respectively, and much slower flank speeds (∼600 km⁻¹ or less), suggesting a shock surface with a strong speed gradient with heliospheric longitude. The shock-nose regions are thus likely efficient acceleration sites of MeV ions, even at 1 AU from the Sun. Our 3D magnetohydrodynamics modeling suggests that a 24° × 24° localized disturbance at 18 solar radii injecting momentum 100 times the background solar wind input over 1 h can produce a disturbance in semi-quantitative agreement with the observed shock arrival time, plasma density and velocity time series in the January 1978 event.     

磁浮高速会车压力波和列车风的实测研究

会车压力波是影响高速磁浮列车快速、安全和舒适运行的一个重要空气动力学问题。为进一步评估车辆设计,于2003年11月对上海磁悬浮列车在5.1m线间距下的高速会车压力载荷进行了测量,得到了通过列车以400km/h~500km/h的速度运行时引起的会车压力波的大小,同时测量了距离列车侧面0.5m和1.3m处列车风的大小。